November 26, 1961 - The ScotersI *
• 7 Sk
(I to r) Surf, Common, and While7winged Srolerj*;
Exclusive Sunday Review Sketch by Dennis Puleston of Brookhaven
[Focus
I THE SCOTERS
on
Nature
My first experience with scoters
was many years ago when I was
just a boy. I remember going up
to the sound with my Dad to see
"how the boys made "out coofing ".
Just what the term c o o t i n g
meant .I had no idea and question
after question came forth followed
by answers that told me of the
local duck hunters who would get
up long before sunrise, launch
their boats in the cold, raw mor-
ning and "string out" in the
sound to await the early flight.
This type of stringing out I
later found out was at one time
one of the great duck hunter at-
tractions of the Atlantic s e a-
board. Hunters -would line. their
boats approximately two g u n-
shots.apart and lie and wait until
the passing flocks of coots would
move by during the early morning
hours.
This type of gunning was much
overdone and therefore an untold
slaughter. usually took place. To-
day federal bag limits have par-
tially eliminated this problem, but
"here is an early season for off-
shore coot- shooting that proves
there are still a few ardent fol-
lowers of this so- called .sport.
These few accept the challenge
under adverse conditions however,
for it is difficult to hit ` h e s e
low, fast flying ducks w h i l e
cramped in a wet, bouncing boat
off shore. I am sure the modern
generation must find the com-
fortable pre heated duck b l i n d
more to its liking.
Looking back I remember that
the boats would come rowing in
about 9 or 10 o'clock, some being
almost swamped in the surf while
others, under the hands of more
experienced boatmen, would ride
high on the beach out of harm's
way.
Then after much pulling and
tugging and carrying of gear I
would have a chance to l o o k
over their catch of coots. Some
were all black with only a patch
of white on their wings (t h e
white - winged scoter); some were
all black with a white patch on
the forehead and a long triangu-
lar patch of white on the nape
pointing backwards (surf scoter or
skunk head); while still a third
and lesser group were completely
black without any markings at
all (American scoter). This last
group is the only all black duck
found 'in this country..
All had the peculiar shaped bill
made ,up of bright orange - yellow
colors' that contrasted sharply
with their black bodies. The pity
of this sport lies in the fact that
these ducks ' are not too palatable
to most because of their eating
habits and therefore they were
probably not used and t r w n
away or possible given to an old
timer who had the magic,foAula
to convey; these into an edible
dish.
Since those early days I have
followed these ducks from year
by Paul Stoutenburgh
to year with my binoculars and
have learned much about their
habits. These are truly sea ducks,
although our bays occasionally
find them in small flocks, but
nothing like the large rafts seen
in the ocean, and -sound. Usually
the mussel beds around h e r e
prove the greatest area for ob-
serving and I have literally seen
them by the thousands off shore
in the sound when they have
been feeding.
Scattered groups can, also be
seen almost anywhere there are
rocks for mussels, barnacles, oys-
ters and crustaceans make up
90 per cent of their diet. The
scoters have a tremendous stom-
ach and the ability of the gizzard
to grind and dissolve shells •is.
almost unbelievable. Clams, oys-
ters, and mussels, some measa ^-
ing over 2" in diameter, are
swallowed whole and assimilated
by the stomach.
One of the unknown tragedies
during feeding is when an opened
mussel clamps tightly on the-ton-
gue of one of these feeding scot-
ers. This' predicament can only
lead.to death by drowning. Here
we see another chapter in the
tales of woe that make up this
world of natural history.
Of the three-scoters, the white -
winged is the largest and most
numerous. All have some diffi-
culty gettirig off the water on a
calm day but with help gained
by paddling along the surface the
are soon airborne. Whenever there
is a . breeze, they take off i.-ito
it and knowing this, the hunter
play his deadly part accordingly.
'As you will note from observ-
ing the scoter, they belong to a
great clan of divers and swim-
mers. And so, nature has pro-
vided them with. a few extras to
help. The fee` are located farther
back and are generally larger
than most ducks, plas they are
provided with an extra lobe *or
flap above the foot. This is not
found in ducks such as black,
mallard, etc.
,They seem almost 'as much at
home under water as they do
above and when pursued un4er-
water their wings are used to
gain extra speed in swimming.
I, have seer this pursuit and
watch their wings pumping con-
tinually along their sides in a
half - opened position.
September and October see the
scoters making their appearance
along our coast coming d o w n
from the north. Many pass right
on.through and winter somewhere
along the- coast as far south as
Florida. Others stay here a1I
winter, drifting rap and down our
perimeter from one f e e d .i n g
to. another.
By May most have left f o r
their northern breeding grounds
that extend from Alaska to New-
foundland and down into Canada.
Few men have had the pleasure
of seeking out their nesting sights
for from what I can find out
they not only conceal their nest
well but locate it in some of the
most inaccessible and desolate
areas on this continent.
Perhaps this wild and lonely
area is their salvation for they
have surely been able to With-
stand the continued pressures of
our so- called civilization. E a c h
year when the hint of fall is
carried by the north wind, I once
again look far the familiar flights
of the scoter as they dip along
the rolling surf between o n e
trough and then another — now
in sight — now out of sight —
but always in my memory.
Field Observations:
Peter Kujawski reports:
Cutchogue — November 18
Bar- owl
Mrs Betty Mackenzie reports:
Bayport = November 19
Florida Gall'inule
L. R. Ernest reports:
Southampton — November 18
Evening grosbeak (female) at
feeder
Woodcock (2)
Mecox — November 19
Black- crowned night heron
North Sea — November 20
Bufflehead (6)