August 26, 1962 - Red CedarRed Cedar
Exclusive Sunday Review Sketch by Judd Bennett of East Marion.
Focus
on
By JUDD BENNETT
Nature
For many generations the East-
ern Red Cedar has been a prom-
inent feature of the Long Island
countryside adding to our every-
day outdoor life a fitting touch
of green the year around. Whe.^e-
ever it chooses to grow on the
Island this rugged and pungent
evergreen has the Took of being
appropriately just right. For a
tree it is strangely variable in
foliage color and b r a n c h form
and is In someway as remarkably
varied 'as are the land areas of
the Island itself.
In the broad free spaces the
,young native Cedar of -,en grows
columnar; slender and dense
while in the pastured hillsides
the growth might be a narrowed
straight spire and superbly sym-
etrical. When 'the Cedar occurs a-
long streams, about ponds and
I orders peaty swamps th(ire are
often clusters growing together
in files which look like thickened
windbreak screenings. Where it
grows on the lo-t lines of old
boundaries it is sometimes with
scraggly foliage on many trunks.
On windswept beaches and sterile
coastal banks the Cedar has that
rare strange beauty shaped by
, s e a r i n g winds. Bitter winters
have altered 'them into contour -
hugging trees with a, one -sided
storm- molded form having only
an oddly tuffed top growth re-
maining green. But in the shelt-
ered woodlands it is most often
seemingly sparse and ill- featured
with 'an oldish appearance re-
sembling aged forebearerss.
. When the Red Cedar grows on
inland stony slopes it obtains it's
true medium size, yet - for Long
Island it ..is a big Cedar tree,
with the typical ridged and but-
tressed trunk weathered a hand-
some silvery gray. This is the
tree form. that most resembles
the original ancestral Red Cedar
stock that once grew free of all
but the natural force-. The age
Junipers of 'the slightly different
Western species, are reminders
living today. In Texas, down in
the ballad -famed Red River Val-
ley, our very same Cedar grows
to, it's tue magnificence and full
prime. There it towers a lofty
ninety,feet with. the supporting
trunk a stunning diameter of ov-
er . five feet. Not far, beyond;
these largest of living Cedar;,
the range of the Eastern species
dwindles, for they occupy the
southwest limit - the othv- limit
for the northeast is coal al Cana-
da. All of the area east of the
Dakotas has some scatterings of
Eastern Red Cedar.
The Eastern Red Cedar is fast
disappearing in every+,,way. It is
no longer a wood importam� n
commerce. Since colonial .das
bas been sought after so unceas-
by Paul Stoutenburgh; Cutchogue
ingly that it is now virtually
with aged beauty are gone.
gone or at least the large trees
with gedeauty areon e. abyy
The demand for Cedar wood
stems from it's good quali-
ties which are unique *and
exceptional. It has fine durability,
very easy cutting qualities and
an intriguing aromatic odcv, as
well as a splendid color. No equal
has been found for the making of
pencils and most of those we use
are made of the Incence Cedar
which is quite a different tree.
The Red Cedar is still used as a
fine Tong- lasting fence post. The
continued 'taking of the young
trees keeps the growth now living
from reaching the old untouched
original timber - growth size. The
aromatic odor is pleasant and is
popular for use in making chests,
cabinets and Cedar - paneled clos-
ets. It ;is even a bit more popu-
lar because of the reputed moth
repellant feature.
Lacking proper respect nearly
all of Long Island's largest Red
Cedars have been cut down. They
have fallen asp have most of the
really big Cedars throughout the
Atlantic seaboard. Now a Cedar
tree whose trunk is anywhere
near: eighteen inches thick is con-
sidered large :.It was not so years
ago.
There are other questions re-
la'ting to size after the mention of
the many foliage forms, shape3
and colors which the tree as-
sumes at various ages. A Red
Cedar grown to a height of twen-
ty feet and with a three inch dia-
eter is about thirty years old
depending, of course, on soil and
spacing. Those of sixteen inches
in . thickness are likely over one
hundred and thirty years of age.
Hurricane winds topple the Cedar
easily - a woodland fire is death.
The Red Cedar heartwood is
most often a rich brownish red
color and this accounts for the
common_ name. The sapwood is a
light -toned whitish brown. It . is
moderately h e a v y, moderately
weak and hard but ranks high in
.resistance to decay. The texture
is fine and uniform with a grain
that is straight but commonly
well spotted with knots. Working
with Cedar is not difficult and
few woods have better possibili-
, ties for the whittler.
The "leaves" are of two differ-
ent types. Before young tree>
have outgrown what is called
"juvenile foliage" the leaves ar•e
then needle -like, sharply pointed
and feathery and most often a
bright grass green color. The ma-
ture trees have a distinctive- tuf-
fy, slightly rounded, dark green
foliage that shows sorrie overlap-
ping f I a t n e s s. The bark hasp
changes too. Older trees have a
bark which is light brown, streak-
ed and shreddy. The young have
a scaly flattish appearance.
The t r e e's simple flowering
happens in fate April and is hard-
ly noticed but the fruit, the size.
of a tiny pea, is prominent hav-
ing a contra -Iting bluish-slate col-
or with a frosty over blown of
grayish white. The berries and
the leaves are used medicinally
and are also put into perfumes
and household preparations in the
form of an oil distilled by steam-
ing in a still. The berries frw the
distinctive flavoring of Gin come
from a related Dwarf Juniper.
The Red Cedar's fruit is com-
monly called "Juniper berry."
The Eastern Red Cedar is im-
portant to wildfife as a food.
source and dense cover protec-
t e c t i o n. I't is favored by the
Mockingbird., the Robin, the Chip-
ping Sparrow and the Song Spar-
row for nesting sites. These Spar -
rows, the two, along with the
Myrtle Warbler, Junco and others
find in the groves a splendid
rooi.t. Hoofed browsers eat the
twigs and green tips. The Cedar
Waxwing living up to i't's name
eats many of the Juniper barries.
The host role the Eastern Red
Cedar plays to the apple-rust
f u n g u s disea_e is important .
n e a r extensive orchards all Ce-
dars are banished ruthlessly -
this is a sad fault. It is -painful
to make this note of a beautiful
tree.
Cedair wood makes a hot fire
and when used in a fireplace the
aromatic odor in the smoke re-
tains the pungent incense fra-
grance of the evergreen foliage.
One u n u s u a l use came about
years, ago when hunters'eut out
well dried sections from old fen-
ces and, carved these durable
blocN3, into decoys for their wild -
fowling. Many of these inspired
carvings made long ago are now
treasured as `,`folk art" of amaz-
ing charm. The Red Cedar grow-
ing untouched and unhampered
has 'that sjngular beauty too.
FIELD OBSERVATIONS '
Random Reports: Augug't
East Maricn - Orient
Golden Winged Warbler
Blue- Winged Warbler
Prairie Warbler
Hudsonian Curlew
Clapper• hail
Sparrow Hawk with young
Please send your field observa- I
tiom, to Paul Stoutenburgh, Box
105, P D No 1, Cutchogue, N Y.
TERSE VERSE
Figures often prove for sure,
When to facts you're gittin'
clown,
Women spend a lot of time I
Mostly just in sittin' down.