November 04, 1962 - Black DucksBlack Ducks
Exclusive Sunday Review Sketch by Dennis Puleston of Brookhaven
Focus on Nature by Paul Stoutenburgh, Cutchogue
Of all the fresh water ducks
along the eastern and central por-
tio of North America, none can
rival the mighty black duck. Per-
haps all will not agree with this
statement. I realize there are lim-
itations in all and with the black
duck it is his lack of brilliant
color. I feel sorry for those who
must see parrot -like colors in a
bird in order to see beauty, for
many ways there is elegance in
the soft, subdued blendings and
shading of buff, brown and black
of the black duck. This hidden
charm can be recognized only by
close examination and it is here
that true understanding of these
colora begins.
The soft yellow to olive -green
bill blends into the head that is
noticeably lighter in color than
the rest of the body. Should you
get the right lighting on the head.
You will see it is studded.with
flashes of iridescent green that
are usually missed by the rapid
observer. To this person, the iri-
descent purplish wing patch is the
only outstanding color recogniz-
ed.
The way the black duck hand-
les himself on the water with
head erect, and body alert, gives
us a clue to the characteristics
of this noble bird. Bobbing gently
on the waves, he immediate'.y
gives one the impression of roy-
alty. To the duck hunter, t h i s
dick means something spacial for
o° all the ducks that are hunted,
this one presents the greatest
challenge. Seldom can you sneak
up on him by surprise. It takes
goad decops, properly set out, to
lure 'rim within gun shot. The
slighest movement or hint of foul
play is enough to keep this hig'i
flyer well out of range.
I have heard it said by old
time gunners that in order to get
the black ducks in you must have
three things on your side — the
weather — the time — and a
large portion of good luck. By
this they mean that only on wet
and stormy days when the birds
are at a "sight" disadvantage
will they come into decoys with-
out caution and by time t hey
mean only in the evening hours
or d u r i n g the illegal ducking
time when again the bird is at
a "sight" disadvantage, is one
able to get close enough to get
off a shot. But give them a clear
day, when their eyes and instincts
are coordinated, you will f in d
the back duck in his true char-
acter and form — at a distance
from all those who are awaiting
him.
Should you be fortunate enough
to have these ducks come in be-
fore you, it is something you will
never forget. Usually they will
circle high over the area, look-'
ing for the slightest flaw — then
they come in with a rash of
dow- turned wings, rocking back
and forth, only to back off above
the water and gently settle down.
Even then they are -alert with
head erect and eyes searching.
Should a twig snap or an eye
lid flutter, they literally jump
out of the water.
This is no easy task for such
a large bird whose short legs are
of relatively little '.relp in t h i s
gigantic job of propulsion. Many's
the time I have walked along the
creeks and meadows and been
joyfully "scared out of my boots"
by this spectacular six to eight
foot leap. With strong and rapid
wings they fly away in an ever -
widening circle, higher and high-
er they soar as the white flashes
under their wings give away their
characteristic flight pattern.
There are many people who say
there are two types of black
ducks — the smaller one called
the common black duck and the
larger one called the red - legged
duck. I have seen both and will
agree they definitely look like a
different species but if you un-
derstand the stages of growth and
development that d u c k s go
through, I am afraid you would
have to concede to the fact that
they are the same duck in dif-
ferent s t a g e s of development.
The bright scarlet- orange colored
legs of the much larger d u c k
stand out noticably when compar-
ing the two.
Duck identification is quite a
problem and it is almost impos-
sible to try to teach one this art.
There are many good books on
the market that I have used in
conjunction with field observa-
tions to make identification pos-
sib'.e.
For those of you who find a
duck and cannot tell its identity,
there are two steps that will facil-
itate identification. The first step
is to check the legs and see if
the hind to (above the webbed
foot) has a lobe on it. This lobe,
I speak of. is a flat paddle -type
appendage that is found only on
our diving ducks. If the bill of
one of these ducks is' broad, it
belongs to one of the many liv-
ing ducks such as the broadbill,
ruddy ducks, etc. If the bill is
long and narrow, it is one of the
mergansers. Should your duck not
:have the lobe then it is what we-
would call a river or pond duck.
Once this sub- family identifica-
tion is found the next or second
step wou'.d be to check the wing
patterns. The wing of a duck is
the only part that does not change
with the continual m o l t s that
ducks go through and therefore
serves as r e a d y and constant
identification. Checking with col-
or plates, identification is a mat-
ter of simple procedure.
Although we find the b I a c k
ducks around our bays and creeks
feeding mostly on crustaceans, as
a whole their diet is made up
of corn, grains, and vegetable
matter. I remember one year
seeing them in a lima bean field
where they literally gorged them-
selves during the night. It is in-
teresting to note that these ducks
are just as much at home on
land as they are in the water.
It is said they eat acorns, which
I believe, for their strong stom-
achs have no trouble in digest-
ing the many snails, and small
clams found in our waters.
Many of the black ducks we
see in the early fall are native
to Long Island, having hatched
locally. Their nests are hard to
find as they are masters at the
art of camouflage. Another prob-
lem is that they never fly directly
to their nest. However, any loca-
tion on the ground that is well
- ridden usually satisfies t h e i r
needs. The nest is a masterpiece
of insulation for it is lined with
very soft and fleecy down from
the breast. No wonder the arm-
ed forces copied this insulation
principle for their Artic gear and
sleeping bags.
The young usually stick toget-
er for some time and it is not
uncommon to see a mother with
her clutch sneaking along the
edge of the creek or even caut-
iously escorting her newly- hatch-
ed vrood across a busy through -
fare to the safety of water just
beyond.
From September on, we find
migrating birds drifting into our
are. Black ducks seldom fly in
large flocks like the broad -bill
and old- squaw, but rather perfer
small groups or single pairs. As
the fresh *ater ponds freeze up
in the interior the birds are forc-
ed toward the unfrozen salt wat -'
ers. Here on the bays and out in
the ocean they usually congregate
during the winter days-and wait
for evening when they fly inland.
Many a hunter has cursed this
Pock, peacefully resting on t h e
water our of range all day, seem-
ingly teasing the hunter, only to
pick up after hours and head in-
land.
One of the most inspiring sights
you can see is to g o to E a s t
Moriches, turn south at the light,
and drive down to the bay
towards evening. Here the flight
begins— single birds pairs, odd
numbers, and small groups all
flying high and heading up creek
forming an unforgettable sight.
Fighting the strong north wind,
they head in — flashing t h e i r
white underparts against the set-
ting sun. The cold wind rattles
the sedges al'. about and yet there
is life moving past you in what
seems an endless line. Darkness
settles about — and still they '
come — and now you are alone
and yet you know up creek
there is another world of move-
ment just beginning —The Black
Ducks.
FIELD OBSERVATIONS
Donald Glover reports:
Plum Island — Oct 30
Red - tailed Hawk
Dennis Pulesten reports:
Brookhaven — Oct 24
Hermit Thrush (5)
Virginia Rail
B'ue- winged Teal (3)
Brookhaven , — Oct 25
Canvasback (50)
Redhead (15)
Lesser Scaup (20)
flooded Merganser (1)
Ruddy Duck (5)
Ring - necked Duck (6)
Quogue — Oct 28
American Bittern
Vesper Sparrow
Quogue Sanctuary — Oct 28
Palm Warbler (3)
Pine Warbler
Pintail (8)
Canvasback (5)
Green - winged Teal (6)
Brookhaven — Oct 29
Rough - legged Hawk
Short-eared Owl