October 14, 1993 - Mastering the Mysteries of Mushrooms6A • The Suffolk Times • October 14, 1993
Mastering the Mysteries of Mushrooms
By Paul Stoutenbur &h_
I can't remember when we've had as
dry a summer as this year. Then, during
September it seemed as if Mr. Weather
was trying to make up for his lack of
rain by filling the month with wetness.
Overnight, things turned from dry brown
lawns to green, from parched
woodlands to lush growth.
The world was coming alive
again.
During the dry summer
there was hardly a mush-
room to be found and like
the lawns that turned green
overnight, suddenly after the rain we
were in the midst of a mycologist's par-
adise. Like jack -in- the - boxes, mush-
rooms of all sizes, colors and shapes
appeared. For those who collect them
and know them, baskets were brought
out and the frugal art of collecting
began. You notice I said, "For those who
know them." This is not a game for the
amateur to participate in because one
slight mistake in eating one could have
disastrous results. Yet, for those who do
know them, they are a gourmet's delight.
It just so happened that one of the
most knowledgeable people concerning
mushrooms came to Long Island to give
a lecture and walk for the Group for the
South Fork. Lance Biechele is an old
friend of mine and, being mushroom
time, it meant we'd have to get together.
Lance is a self -made mycologist, one
who has educated himself in this very
difficult field of natural history. Fungus
and its allies are so vast and varied that
most people just can't cope with them.
But Lance has made it a life study and,
in my mind, has become the expert.
Of course, as soon as we met we
immediately headed into the field in
search of mushrooms. Only a stone's
throw away from our cottage we found
mushrooms galore along an old aban-
doned roadway. Latin names whizzed by
me like there was no other
language and then Lance
would break one open, smell
it or even take a nibble of it to
satisfy his identification. It
was all a mystery to me.
Some were poisonous, the
amanitas; others would be
stored in the car for later eating; all were
fantasies in shape and color. The poiso-
nous ones were particularly handsome
with their sleek red- orange tops, speck-
led with spots around the dome and, of
course, the large bulb at the base and
veil on the stem. Deadly but beautiful.
As we drove out of the woods, right in
the middle of the roadway were two
grapefruit -size, brown - skinned puffballs,
another member of the fungus family. Of
course, we had to get out and check
them. Lance opened one and it was per-
fectly white. "This is excellent eating,"
he said. "Sliced and fried in a little egg
batter and bread crumbs, there's nothing
better." The other puffball was a bit larg-
er but upon opening it we found it was
passed.
Spores Everywhere
Mushrooms multiply by spores; thou-
sands, even millions of these dustlike
spores drop from beneath the gills of the
mushroom and float off into the air.
Some travel worldwide, others only a
short distance. Then they land on water,
land, trees, plants and possibly we may
even inhale some of them. Of the thou-
sands and even millions of tiny spores
that are released by
a mushroom only a
few will land on
the correct medium
where they will
thrive. Some could
stay for years
before the right
conditions of tem-
perature, moisture and medium are just
right for their development.
Once the conditions are met, the
spores develop and sent out threadlike
roots called mycelium that penetrate the
medium, which can be soil, rotting trees,
decayed organic matter, etc. Here it will
spread until the right conditions exist
and then our mushrooms will bloom or
flower in a wide array of beauty we
associate with this little -known field of
Focus
on
Mature
3'armer
34ike's
Farmstand
Main Road, Peconic
EGGPLANT
3 Ib. $1
FALL SQUASH
5 for $2
Tomatoes 504 lb.
BROCCOLI
Lettuce • Arugula
Broccoli
Coriander • Dill
Parsley • Basil
Cauliflower
Swiss Chard
Cabbage • Potatoes
Aster Flowers $2 bunch
8
for $1
�
All items
when available
Photo by Paul Stoutenburgh
BIRD'S NEST FUNGI —The world of mushrooms is a fascinating one of
shapes, colors and sizes. The ones above that look like tiny bird's nests are
3/8 inch in diameter.
natural history. The mushroom above
ground is the flower of the fungus and it
is only there for a short time, a time
when its spores will then start a new
cycle. Thank goodness for fungus, for it
converts dead wood and other - organic
matter back into productive soil.
I'm a neophyte when it comes to
mushrooms but I know a dear lady who
knows and loves them well, and so I
wanted to bring Lance and Fran together
while he was here. We met in her
kitchen and the chatter that took place
between them was something to hear. I
thought I was in a foreign country for all
the Latin names that were being passed
between them. It was a joy to see two
people so intensely
involved in their
field of knowl-
edge. Each bub-
bled over with
enthusiasm and
each had to show
samples of their
early morning
gathering. Her basket was on the table
laden with her morning's collection.
It wasn't long before we had to leave
so Lance could get back to Maryland.
We had had a delightful day in the field,
topped off by bringing two total
strangers together who immediately
acted like lifelong friends through their
interest in mushrooms.
Back at the cottage I happened to look
down on the ground as I got out of the
`Some were poisonous;
others would be stored for
later eating; all were fan-
tasies in shape and color.'
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car. There was a whole series of tiny yel-
low mushrooms. Immediately Lance was
on his hands and knees closely scrutiniz-
ing them. Again with enthusiasm and
excitement he announced, "They're
bird's nest fungi." Nature had created
tiny cups with spore sacks resembling
eggs in a nest, and so the name. Lance
explained that when the raindrops hit
these little "eggs," they would burst
open and disperse their spores in the air.
It was an appropriate ending to a delight-
ful day in the field with an old friend.
NFEC Schedules
Annual Meeting
MATTITUCK —The North Fork
Environmental Council will hold its
annual membership meeting on
Thursday, Oct. 21, at the Mattituck
Youth Lodge at Bailie Beach. A
pot -luck dinner, staff reports and
nomination of directors all begin at
6 p.m. The guest speaker will be
Rob Pike, a former Riverhead
Town Councilman.
For directions and more informa-
tion, call 298 -8880.
Sign -Up Slated For
Master Gardeners
RIVERHEAD —The application
deadline for the Cornell Cooperative
Extension Master Gardeners program is
Oct. 31. The program will begin on
Wednesday, Jan. 12, 1994, from 9:30
a.m. to 3:30 p.m., and will run for 20
consecutive weeks, concluding on May
25. Space is limited.
Each volunteer will receive an initial
120 hours of research based instruction
in all areas of environmental horticul-
ture as part of an agreement to share
their knowledge with the others by vol-
unteering an equivalent number of hours
in community service.
All participants are required to make
a $125 deposit fee and an additional
$125 program fee to defray the cost of
materials. The deposit will be reim-
bursed when trained Master Gardeners
fulfill their obligations within two years
of completing their training program.
Application forms are available upon
request. Call Caroline Kiang at 727-
7850 for more information.