June 30, 1994 - The Habitats and Habits of Herons12A • The Suffolk Times • June 30, 1994
Habits of Hero ns
The Habitats and
By Paul Stoutenburgh
I was at someone's house just re-
cently and was asked the question,
"Where is my great blue heron? It's not
around this year." I hesitated for a mo-
ment for there was more to the question
than a quick answer. Great blue herons,
the tallest of all our marsh birds, are not
nesting residents here on Long Island.
They nest to the south of us and to the
north of us and in many places inland
but none on our island that I know of.
The herons you see here now are non-
breeding birds, sort of outcasts that live
a lonely life stalking anything that
moves in our local ponds and creeks.
We see these three -foot giants year
round, as a matter of fact, and some
winters when it doesn't freeze up too
hard, we'll see 10 to 20 of them trying
to eke out a living along the marsh edge.
Small killies are their main diet but
don't let that fool you. Anything that
moves is fair game, including mice,
birds, frogs and snakes.
Last winter when my wife and I were
seeing some of this great country of
ours, we happened to be near the largest
freshwater marsh in the country, the
great Horicon Marsh in Wisconsin.
Seeing we carried our ultralight Mad
River canoe along, we had to explore
this marsh, particularly the great blue
heron rookery in the middle of this great
expanse of wetland. It was on an island
for many years but time was catching up
with it. The heron families are notori-
ously sloppy housekeepers and their
excretion covered a wide area below
and around the nest.
Trees are generally pretty rugged but
Lunch or dinner
is ready to go
when you are.
Call and stop in at
CUPBOARD
Retail Food and
Catering Available
OPEN TUESDAY- THURSDAY 10 -6
FRIDAY 10 -7, SATURDAY 9 -6
SUNDAY 8 -3
SUNDAY BRUNCH 9 -2
Love Lane, Mattituck
(north of railroad tracks)
298 -5445
Focus on
Nature
when you get five or 10 or more great
blues nesting in one tree and their
whitewash continually pouring down on
every leaf, limb and bough it becomes,
after many years, too much to bear and
the trees have literally died. This creates
a problem for not only do the big trees
die but everything around them dies as
well: seedlings, brush, grass. It literally
becomes a whitewashed desert. In time,
the trees rot and crash to the ground and
so what was once a thriving heron rook-
ery becomes a disaster area.
What To Do?
So what did the keepers of the marsh
do? They did exactly what we've been
doing here on the East End with our os-
preys. They put up poles with make -be-
lieve limbs of 2x4s and sticks. It is the
damedest sight you can imagine. There
are 10 to 20 telephone poles with these
make- believe 2x4 branches that the
herons have adopted as their nesting
sites.
We can see this same whitewash dev-
astation over on Gardiners Island but
there it is not done by herons. The cut-
The nuptial plumes
from the great
egret once brought
up to $32 an
ounce, rivaling the
price of gold.
prits there are the cormorants that nest
there by the hundreds. For those of you
with a boat, you will see this on the
west side when you pass just north of
the white windmill that stands as a
monument to this unique and wonderful
island. Although you are not allowed on
the island, much can be seen just by
sailing by its shores.
Two years ago some of you will re-
member Barbara and I sailed around
Robins Island, Shelter Island and
Gardiners Island in our canoe — trips
you want to plan carefully, particularly
around Gardiners Island. We traveled
close to shore where you can really get
to see the island from an entirely
different perspective. It was then that
we saw the whitewashed rookery of the
cormorants and their devastation.
For those not familiar with
cormorants they are the large, black
ducklike birds you see sitting on fish
nets, buoys, rocks, etc. along our shores.
They are fishermen par excellence.
They can outswim the fish they are after
and in their pursuit they get an extra
burst of speed by using their wings
underwater to help them along. The
reason we see them sitting out of the
water so much is that the oil in their
feathers is not sufficient to keep them
dry and so they often have to come out
to warm up and dry out.
Cormorants are not members of the
heron family. To be so distinguished
you must have long legs and long necks
and spend most of your time stalking
Photo by Paul Stoutenburgh
GREAT BLUE HERON — Occasionally we'll see this three - foot -tall heron
stalking anything that moves in our ponds and marshes here on the East
End.
prey in ponds and marsh edges.
Included in the family of herons are the
egrets and bitterns, which are all
associated with wet areas. Probably the
most common and most observed of this
family is the snowy egret — pure white
with yellow feet (golden slippers). It is
often seen stalking along the edges of
our local marshes. It's less than half the
size of the great blue heron and it does
nest on our East End at Plum Island and
Gardiners Island. At one time there was
a good population of these handsome
egrets on Robins Island but lately I
haven't seen any.
Big White Beauty
Less common than the small snowy
egret is the large, three- foot -tall great
egret. With its long black legs and pure
white body, it's probably the most
striking of all. So handsome were these
white egrets that the demand for their
feathers almost did them in. At one
time, in the early 1900s, the nuptial
plumes from these egrets brought up to
$32 an ounce, rivaling the price of gold.
Because of their slaughter, laws were
passed to protect their dwindling
numbers.
As a matter of fact this rallying to
protect these beautiful birds was the
actual beginning of the National
Audubon Society. So entrenched were
the unscrupulous market hunters in the
south in the early years that one
Audubon warden was killed when
trying to apprehend one of them.
Things have changed for these
beautiful wading birds. Today, all but a
few of our birds are protected by state
and federal laws but now they face a
new threat, one that is more subtle and
far- reaching. The habitat where these
birds feed, nest and rest is being lost at a
faster pace every year. Couple this with
the problems all wildlife are having
with pollution in its many forms, and
one can understand why we are seeing
less and less of the wildlife that once
inhabited our East End. Hopefully, there
is a new awakening and we will correct
our many wrongs before it is too late,
but this will only come with an educated
public that has concern for our natural
world.