October 20, 1988 - The Plight of the Loon
Focus on Nature
The Plight of the Loon
By Paul Stoutenburgh
When sailing the other day I was glad to
see that loons have returned to our local
waters after spending their summer on
some lonely lake far to the north. Should
any of you have been lucky enough this
summer to get to the northern states or
Canada, I hope you had the opportunity to
see and hear these old friends on their
breeding grounds.
These loons are expert divers and from
now until next spring they will be found
along our bays, sound and ocean fronts.
Somehow they manage to find enough to eat
along the dimly lit bottoms to keep them
through the long winter months.
Loons are big birds that would rather dive
than fly, for their streamlined bodies and
powerful feet make them experts under
water. They can stay submerged for a con-
siderable time and often, when chased, only
bring their head out of the water for a quick
breath before returning to safety below.
In summer, in their breeding plumage,
they are handsome with their glossy black
head and neck and white collar. The back is
speckled black and white while the throat
and underparts are white. Now, in their
winter plumage, they become more drab
with mottled gray above and white throat
and underparts.
I'm sure you've all heard the expression
"crazy as a loon." It comes from the call
the loon makes, which I think is one of
nature's most thrilling wild sounds and not
at all a crazy call. I can remember this call
from when I was a small boy and entertain-
ed myself by calling across the glass -
mirrored bay to loons feeding. I was in a
rowboat, lying on the bottom so the birds
couldn't see me and as a loon would call I
would mimic it.
Calling Back and Forth
In their quiet world across the bay they
would answer with their strangely lilting
call. As they answered, I'd answer and soon
they were all around my boat. I was in a
world of my own. As I peeked over the gun-
nel of the boat I could see the long, pointed
bill so essential for their underwater
fishing. Up close I could see how large they
were, somewhere between the size of a duck
and a goose but without the long neck
associated with the latter. It was a wonder-
ful and memorable experience to be able to
call and communicate with these master
callers from across the bay.
Loons are not on the hunting list of ducks
but I'm afraid many are shot at by the
uneducated hunter. What saves them is
their aloofness and their mistrust of man.
When approached, they usually dive, com-
ing up a good distance away. They do not fly
spontaneously as other ducks do when try-
ing to escape but rather they disappear to
safety below, leaving the pursuer
bewildered.
Loons are having a difficult time in
today's world. As mentioned before, they
nest on the remote and lonely lakes to the
north and we know how few of these are left,
what with man's intrusion with his array of
motorized vehicles. This coupled with their
need of a plentiful supply of Fish —a supply
that is being diminished in our lakes and
rivers by acid rain— accounts for the loon's
nlioht.
137
Should the loon make it through the
nesting period, it faces the curse of oil
spills, plastics of all sorts along the sea bot-
tom where it feeds and, of course, man's
uneducated gun. Being at the top of the food
chain, the loon accumulates all sorts of
pesticide residues that have concentrated
in the food it eats. No wonder we're seeing
fewer and fewer of these handsome winter
visitors.
Good and Bad Days of Fall
September and October can be the most
beautiful time of the year and yet because it
is also the hurricane season and the time
when the north wind starts to test its
strength, it can also be a pretty uncertain
time of the year. Already we have had frost
in the center of the island. Manorville and
Ridge are often cooler by ten degrees than
we on the East End.
This is because of the salt water that
practically surrounds us, giving us that ad-
ded edge of warmth. It's one of the primary
reasons the grape industry is able to do so
well out here. We have feast a growing
season that is at least a month longer than
upstate. Just last week friends of ours down
from Maine said their trees had turned
already and ours haven't really started as
yet. Yet there are some things, if you look
closely, such as the Virginia creeper and
poison ivy that have turned their reddish
fall color. The sarsaparilla and false
Solomon's seal in our woods have lost their
green and turned to yellow.
Baby turtles that developed during the
warmth of summer are now feeling for the
first time the chill of the air. Being cold -
blooded it takes them a long time to warm
up before they get into motion. I'm sure
their instinct has told them on these cooler
days to start looking for a place to hiber-
nate. They'll find a soft spot in the woody
duff of the forest floor while water turtles
will burrow into the muddy bottom where
they'll stay over while the winter roars
above. During this long sleep their heart-
beat will hardly be noticeable. They'll seem
to be almost dead until spring triggers them
awake.
Winter Takes Over
The outdoors is mustering itself for
winter. Soon the leaves will fall and become
part of the mulch that nurtures the forest.
The lifeblood of sap will stop flowing and as
the north winds blow through naked bran-
ches, the trees will rest until spring.
Winter once more will rule the woods till
the sun starts to climb up closer and closer,
back to the north, and once again it will be
spring.
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THE SOUTHAMPTON PRESS / OCTOBER 20, 1988