May 05, 2005 - The pelican's gawky graceThe Suffolk Times • May 5, 2005
The Pel* itcan's
THIS IS OUR LAST' WEEK in Florida
and you would think by now we'd be
tired of seeing pelicans, but no, to me
they're as eye- catching as the first day
we saw them. The brown pelicans we
see are big birds, with a wingspan of
over 71/2 feet.
One would think such a large bird
would be clumsy in the air. On t
contrary, we marvel at how
maneuverable the pelican
is and how such a large bird
can change direction in an
instant and dive on the spot
to catch its meal of fish.
They dive after their prey
much like our ospreys do,
often from heights of 60 or
70 feet.
Brown pelicans catch their prey not
with their feet, as the osprey does, but
by opening their pouched bill and en-
veloping the fish along with a bill full
of water. Some say this huge bill can
hold as much as three gallons of water.
Then as the pelican surfaces from its
dive, the water is drained out of the
pouch leaving the fish to be swallowed
whole.
I remember as a kid hearing that
never- to -be- forgotten adage:
"A wonderful bird is the pelican.
His bill will hold more than his belican
He can take in his beak
Food enough for a week,
But I'm damned if I see how the heli-
can."
To see a Qrouv of these somewhat
gawky grace
Times /Review photo by Barbara Stoutenburgh
Brown pelicans almost became extinct because of the devastating effects
of pesticides. Today they've bounced back, thanks to the elimination of DDT
and other harmful chemicals.
awkward - looking but efficient birds
feeding in a wild frenzy is something
you'll never forget. From high up one
plummets down, its long bill pointed
toward the target below. With a huge
splash it hits the water. All the while,
others of its kind around it are dropping
like rockets amongst the school of fish
below each intent on catching its share.
It's one of nature's unbeliev-
able sights.
Then, to add to the feeding
frenzy, screaming gulls are
continuously milling about,
always trying to snatch any
leftovers that might have
escaped the monstrous
pouches of the pelicans.
y the way, this sneaking
in and grabbing bits and pieces of the
pelican's catch is often done right from
the pelican's back. That's right. These
robbers will stand right on the pelican's
back or head, where they'll be closer to
the action. Then, as the pelican tries to
arrange its thrashing meal in its flabby
bill, the gull grabs whatever it can.
Pelicans are magnificent aerialists.
I've seen a single pelican, as well as
groups of them, capture the updraft
of a thermal and climb in lazy circles,
slowly working their way upward until
almost out of sight. Then they'll drift off
to a new and more favorable feeding
ground. Talk about efficient transporta-
tion.
It's interesting to note that every
once in a while, a few brown pelicans
Focus
ON
NATURE
by Paul
Stoutenburgh
find their way to Long Island's south
shore. Why these semi - tropical, lum-
bering giants come so far north is
anyone's guess. Perhaps they're carrie4
by a storm, or maybe it's the first part
of the evolutionary change of explor-
ing new territory.
Should they be successful and find a
plentiful supply of food, maybe they'll
stay. Our mockingbirds, our cardinals,
the titmouse and others are perfect
examples of southern birds that have
moved north. Time will just have to
wait that one out and see.
One of the memorable sights for
me is a string of pelicans gliding low
over the water, hardly touching a wave
below. They'll fly with little pumping of
wings, only to stop and glide as if they
were all attached as one.
And to think these pelicans were
once on the endangered list. As with
the osprey, pesticides had gotten into
their food chain and their reproduction
had dropped off to practically zero.
Today we see them throughout Flori-
da's coastline. Because of the banning
of DDT and other harmful chemicals,
they were saved, along with untold
numbers of other species of birds —
and, by the way, just in the nick of time
for their time was running out.
The white pelican, which we haven't
seen here but is found in other parts
of Florida, was almost eliminated by
hunters who shot them for the mil-
linery trade. The feathers were used
on fashionable ladies' hats. Then there
were the fishermen who killed the
pelicans for sport and because they
thought the pelicans took too many
of their fish. Finally, in 1903, the fed-
eral government outlawed the hunt-
ing of these birds and established the
first wildlife refuge in Florida for the
protection of the pelican and other
targeted birds.-Later, the pelican was in
trouble again, until it was proved it was
not competing with commercial fishing,
During World War I, Florida fisher-
men suspected pelicans of depleting
their fishing grounds. There was a war
effort to eat more fish, and federal
protection of pelicans was almost with-
drawn. A party of ornithologists led
by Gilbert Person made 3,428 pelicans
regurgitate their food and found that
only 27 of the fish they had eaten were
the kind humans eat. So the pelicans
were saved!
The white pelican feeds differently
from the brown pelican. It dips its big,
baggy bill in the water while swim-
ming along and scoops up water and
fish. Sometimes a group of as many as
100 white pelicans will surround fish,
scooping them up as they move in on
them. They do not dive from above lik
the brown pelican, nor do they roost
in trees like the brown pelican; they
roost on sand bars and flats where they
congregate for the night. The white
pelican is a larger bird than the brown
pelican, with a wingspan of nine feet.
In the spring the white pelicans depart
for the Northwest, where they nest on
inland lakes.
We hope you've enjoyed spending
some time in Florida with us, even
though it's late in the season. Now, next
week we'll have to catch up to spring-
time on the North Fork.