May 02, 2002 - Moles are on the moveThe Suffolk Times • May 2, 2002
WALKING OUT TO FEED the chickens
this week, I noticed the first signs of
ground moles. Most are familiar with
their meandering upheavals in our
lawns and gardens. Some people don't
look too well on ground moles, but
the truth is they are doing your gar-
den more good than harm for what
they are after, among other things, are
the white grubs of the Japanese bee-
tles. Nevertheless, their raised tunnels
are an eyesore to most.
It's actually been calculated that a
ground mole in one single night will
travel anywhere
from 75 to 100
FOCUS yards, which
ON means almost
300 feet of tun -
N AT U R E neling. He does
by Paul it with oversized,
spade -like
Stoutenburgh forelegs that
allow him to
almost swim through the soil. His pow-
erful arms move him ahead in search
of worms, grubs and other insects that
live in the ground. The ground mole
has tiny eyes, as it has little use for
them in its underground tunnels.
A ground mole seldom leaves its
plowed -up passageway unless looking
for a mate and therefore has few ene-
mies such as owls and hawks that prey
on mice and voles and rats that live
above the ground. One predator that
takes ground moles is the snake, but
we have just about eradicated them
from our East End. At one time the
big black snake might have enjoyed a
meal of a mole, but you have to go a
long way to find one of those today. It
is a shame so many people are petri-
fied of snakes.
We have no poisonous snakes on
Long Island and so we should be glad
when we see an occasional garter or
milk or hognose snake.'I'm often
called in to identify a snake for some-
one who thinks they have a water
moccasin or a rattler or some kind of
poisonous snake. But when I get
there, I usually find it has been
pounded to death and it's nothing but
a milk snake or one of the other
harmless snakes.
The fur of the ground mole is some-
thing special. It is soft and velvet -like
to the touch when rubbed in either
direction. The skins at one time were
highly sought after for clothing. Some
of the finest shawls and capes were
Mo
nt e
ove
Times /Review photo by Barbara Stoutenburgh
We seldom see this ground mole, but are all familiar with Its
ridge of pushed -up earth that it makes in its endless pursuit of
grubs, worms and Insects of all sorts.
made of moleskin. I've occasionally
found or dug up a mole to check him
out and found the fur is never muddy
or dirty. Somehow they seem to be
able to move through the ground
without gathering dirt on their coat.
Outside of the little shrew, the
ground mole is probably the most
ferocious of all animals size for size.
They are on a continual hunger hunt,
for their body must have
a diet of insects of all
kinds to keep it going.
It's in a 24- hour - -a -day
pursuit of worms, grubs,
etc. It's often been
accused of eating roots
or tubers or plants in the
garden.
While we are on the
subject of upheavals in
the gardens and lawns, I
continually get calls
from people who want
to know why their lawns
are all ripped up. This
time it is not the ground
mole but, believe it or
not, it's Mr. Raccoon,
who loves to dig up and
eat grubs of all sorts that
are lying just below the
surface of our lawns. So
if your lawn is torn up,
the problem probably is
you have grubs in your
lawn and Mr. Raccoon
knows it and cherishes a
meal of them.
But back to the
ground mole that is
accused of eating the
roots of the plants in
your garden; what actu-
ally happens is that the
ground mole will make its under-
ground run through your garden in
pursuit of grubs and worms. Then
when the ground mole's away a field
mouse or vole or one of those root -
eating rodents will follow in the now
easily traveled tunnel and when it
comes to roots, it will stop to enjoy
them.. This is the reason the ground
mole gets blamed for the destruction
when the truth is it is not him at all
but the pesky little vole or field mous
that's really to blame.
The ground mole can detect the
slightest movement above ground,
which is why it is so hard to creep up
on them. If you are real patient you
i can stand by the mole hill that you
have just pressed down and wait and
wait and sooner or later you'll see the
ridge start to rise. Then if you are
lucky and fast enough, you can dig up
the mole and hopefully transport it to
another area away from your garden
and lawn.
On an entirely different subject, I
had a call from a lady who had a pray
Iing mantis experience that I'd like to
relate to you. We all know the large
green mantis with a triangular head
that swivels and big eyes that we occa
sionally see in our garden or around
our shrubs. The thing we don't know
about this insect is that the female is
not a very nice companion. She eats
insects of all sorts, which is good for
our gardens, but when it comes to
mating she allows the male to mate
and drift off into ecstasy and often
eats him on the spot. Or as one writer
explained it, "She may eat the male
after mating or during, it all depends
on how hungry she is." Now that's
pretty rough, I'd say.
The famous French entomologist J.
Henri Fabre studied the praying man-
tis brought some into his laboratory t
watch the murderous antics of the
female. He put seven males in succes-
sion with a female and they all per-
formed the rituals of courtship an
then were immediately eaten as if
they were just another meal. As Fabre
said, "All paid for their nuptial ecstasy
with their lives."
Nevertheless, the
praying mantis is a
good fellow to have in
your garden, for it has
a ravenous appetite for
any insects such as
crickets, bugs, bees,
flies, anything that
moves will be eaten. If
you look at the praying
mantis, it is well
equipped for capturing
insects, as it has sharp
spines on its forelegs
that act like barbs on a
hook and once they are
thrust out the insect is
doomed, for it cannot
get away. Some believe
that when the praying
mantis rears up on its
back legs and presents
itself in front of its
prey, the insect
becomes frozen with
fright, which makes for
easy picking. This is
mere theory but one
can imagine an insect
looking up at this big -
eyed monster rearing
up and staring down at
it. The mantis rears up
only when faced by a
more formidable prey.
When the female lays her cluster of
eggs they have a protective coating so
the eggs inside can "survive" well
through the winter months until
spring, when the young will hatch out
by the hundreds.
And so let's go back to the begin-
ning of my story about the lady who
called to tell me her preschooler had
taken one of the praying mantis egg
cases to school in a jar and while at
school they had hatched out, all 200 of
them. They were brought back home
to her and she wondered what to do
with them.
The best thing to do if you want to
watch this miracle of birth is to put
your open jar with the egg case out-
side where you can watch it. Then let
nature take its course. The young will
hatch and hopefully reach your gar=
den, where they'll do much good
devouring bugs of all sorts. Some peo-
ple actually buy praying mantis egg
cases and put them in their gardens.
No better wav to control insects.