August 29, 2002 - Times, they are a-changingThe Suffolk Times • August 29, 2002
Times,
they are aiiiiiiiliii,,i,,,,,chang*1ng
Photos by Paul Stoutenburgh
In the early days of farming
on Long Island, potatoes
were picked by hand and put
Into baskets, then dumped
Into burlap bags, which line
the field above.
PEOPLE OFTEN ASK ME what change,
I've seen here in my lifetime. That's a
pretty big request and it took some
thinking. Probably the most rewarding
change I have seen over time is in the
attitude of more and more people
becoming aware of their environment
Forty or 50 years ago people thought
little of what they were doing to the
environment. There were fewer oeo-
most people with some knowledge of
our natural world. They are starting to
understand that we have to change
our ways or we're in for deep trouble.
Take, for instance, the drinking water
under us. All you did in the old days
was get a point, which is a screen affair
that's attached to the end of a pipe,
drive it into the groundwater, then put
a hand trump on the pipe and you had
pie here then,
FOCUS
and a little
destruction here
ON
and there had lit
NATURE
tle effect on thei
lives, or so they
by Paul
thought. But
Stoutenburgh
through the
years, education
and the real need for concern found
most people with some knowledge of
our natural world. They are starting to
understand that we have to change
our ways or we're in for deep trouble.
Take, for instance, the drinking water
under us. All you did in the old days
was get a point, which is a screen affair
that's attached to the end of a pipe,
drive it into the groundwater, then put
a hand trump on the pipe and you had
pure drinking water. (We actually did -
just that when we built our own home.
Once the pump was primed, we all sat
there and had a drink of the best, cold-
est water you could ask for. This was
over 40 years ago.)
Today that's still possible in certain
parts of our island, but overall much
of our water has become contaminat-
ed with pesticides, oils, herbicides,
road runoff and a multitude of other
pollutants that are put on our land. I
became aware of the problem some
years ago when our household water
was tested and found to be contami-
nated with Temik, a spray that was
used to control the potato beetle. We
had to have a filter installed to correct
the problem.
Some of you might go back to the
days when we had no garbage pickup.
Some took their garbage to the
Cutchogue dump; some would dig a
pit in the back yard and bury it. I can
remember my dad digging a big, deep
pit in which the cans, bottles and
garbage were thrown and then he
covered it over with dirt. One time we
looked in and there was a skunk
down there. It had fallen in and
couldn't get out. I'm not sure how he
ever did get out.
(In those early days when
we had skunks, it was com-
mon to see and, yes, smell
them. We no longer have
skunks here on the East End
and I attribute it to pesticides.
When the potato bugs were
killed by pesticides, the
skunks ate the dead potato
bugs. The result: no skunks.)
When we had the old open
town dump, evervone brought
everything from their old cars to table
scraps and construction material to
paint cans and old oil. Everything you
wanted to get rid of, you brought to
the town dump and just threw it over
the edge, where it was pushed around
by a bulldozer.
We're learned the hard way that it
fouled up our only source of drinking
water. No longer can we continue with
the old ways of getting rid of our
garbage. We were literally forced by
the state to change for our own good.
Today we have a multi - million - dollar
capping operation going on at the
dump, or should I say landfill, in which
we are now required to cover our past
mistakes with a ig neoprene cap.
Then soil will go over the top of that.
All that to prevent any rainwater from
percolating through the old dump
material and contaminating our
groundwater further.
Another big change that I've seen is
in agriculture. Potatoes ruled when I
was young. Potatoes, cauliflower and
sprouts were the backbone of the
farming community in the '40s and
'50s. There were some farmers who
had cows who raised cattle corn and
stacked it up in the field for use dur-
ing the winter. Then through the win-
ter they'd go out and haul it in to feed
the cows, as well as their pigs and
chickens.
Before the '50s there was little or no
irrigation and the loss of a potato crop
due to a drought could be disastrous.
To correct the problem, the first irriga-
tion system was in the form of shallow
wells and heavy, portable, galvanized
pipe with sprinklers on every other
pipe. And so, irrigation became a must
in farming. The heavy galvanized pipe
evolved into aluminum pipe for easier
carrying. Today we see irrigation all
about us on the remaining farms as
well as on the sod farms, nursery stock
and even some of our vineyards.
Without it, farmers would be doomed
today.
And, of course, the crops have
changed. Potatoes were once picked
by hand by crews who were housed in
labor camps. The camps have all but
disappeared today. The potatoes were
dug and dropped on the ground, to be
picked up by hand, put into a basket
(today these are antiques) and from
there dumped into burlap bags to be
picked up later by a truck.
Later there would be a potato pick-1
er on which you rode along behind
the tractor as the potatoes were dug.
It gave you a chance to pick out the
bad potatoes, weeds and dirt lumps
before they went into the burlap bag
that was attached to the back of the
picker. As time went on more labor-
saving devices were invented, namely
huge combines with which rows of
potatoes could be dug and rattled
across the digger chains to shake the
dirt and weeds out. As the potatoes
came across the digger chain, they
were conveyed directly into trucks
that took them to the potato barns for
storage and later use.
(As teenagers we found work on
the farms during the summer. We
would be picked up by a big farm
truck about 6:30 a.m., take our bag
lunch with us and work on the farm
all day. We picked potatoes by hand at
five cents a bag. Dater, on the picker,
we would make $2.50 a day. —
Barbara)
So farming has evolved mechanical-
ly and also product -wise. Most pota-
toes have given way to sod farms, vine.
yards, greenhouses and building lots.
Today it takes a little doing to find a
potato farm here on the East End.
Next week we'll continue with
changes I've seen on the East End
over my lifetime. Hope to see you