April 10, 1997 - Peepers: Spring's Call of the WildGA • The Suffolk Times • April 10, 1997
Peepers: Spring's Call of the Wild
Have you heard the peepers in the
evening? It seems to me they are espe-
cially loud this year. Wherever there is a
vernal pond or wet spot, you're almost
sure to hear peep-
ers at this time of
year, for these tiny Focus
frogs are attracted -
to water like mag-
nets. Their chorus Mature
song is the
male's vocal invi- by Paul
tation to the female Stoutenbuieh
to come to his par-
adise and mate. But where do they come
from, you might ask. We only hear them
but never see them in the early spring.
Actually they are all around us. They
are members of the tree frog family,
which means they have sticky discs on
their toes so they can hold on to branches
and limbs of trees as they hunt around in
the trees and shrubs looking for insects of
all sorts. They are very small frogs, hard -
ly.an inch long. If you want to have some
fun, take your child or grandchild down to
one of these magical spots with a flash-
light some warm spring evening and try to
find Hyla crucifer, our spring peeper.
Probably boots would make it even more
fun, for it always seems the loudest and
best peepers are the ones just a little bit
farther out in the water.
As you walk through the darkness with
the stars sparkling above you, you seem to
go back in time to when man was primar-
ily a hunter. We've lost his great stalking
ability as we step on twigs that snap and
immediately the peepers are all quiet; they
seem to be wired together. Then as you
stand perfectly still they gradually, one by
one, start up their chorus again until the
whole area around you seems to come
alive with their voices.
A Night To Remember
Search as you will with your flashlight
beam, few of these little rascals will be
able to be found. They are masters at hid-
ing. Eventually your light picks up a light -
colored ball and you've found your peep-
er with his sac expanded under his chin,
ready to give out with that high - pitched
call we all associate with the spring night.
Once spotted, it's the cautious approach
that pays off and if you are lucky and
you're quick, you might be able to capture
our hunted peeper.
Needless to say, if that child or grand-
child made the capture, that moment will
be well remembered. Safe in a jar, the
peeper will be admired by all. Its tiny pads
work like suction cups, holding it to the
side of the jar. Now you can see that iden-
tifying cross on its back,
which is why it was
given the Latin name,
Hyla crucifer.
But where do these
multitudes of callers of
the night come from?
Actually they come from
the woodlands around
the pond. All winter long
they hibernate beneath
the leaf duff that covers
the forest floor. It's this
rich blanket of insulation
that keeps them in a
semifrozen state through
the cold winter months.
It seems they have a sort
of antifreeze in their
body that prevents them
from freezing solid,
thereby preventing them
from being destroyed by
rupturing their vital
parts. Once the spring
thaw moves in, they, too,
thaw out and come alive
and do what frogs do
naturally — head for the offer.
pond to mate.
The female does not call. She lays her
jelly -like mass of eggs in the cold waters
of the pond and then leaves them unat-
tended. As silence takes over the pond, the
adult peepers return to the woods and the
treetops, where they'll spend the rest of
the summer until fall, when they once
again will go into their winter's sleep.
The pond has now become quiet and
placid but not below the water's surface,
for there in the jelly -like mass of eggs,
life has just started anew. As the water
warms up, the eggs develop and tiny tad-
poles start wiggling about in their own
embryonic sacs, with more growth and
more strenuous wiggling, the tadpoles
break free and enter their new world of
pond water. Hundreds or maybe thou-
sands start to move about their ancestral
watery world.
The tiny detritus of these ponds nour-
ishes them as summer moves on. Soon
their tail starts to shorten and their legs
and feet emerge. Tiny frogs are develop-
ing. In many cases this is a critical time,
for should the shallower wet spots dry up
before the tadpoles develop and disperse,
depending on what the background is. If
it's on a green leaf, it will change to green.
Jump to the bark of a white oak and it will
gradually adapt to the color of the oak
bark. No wonder its Latin name is Hyla
versicolor.
Probably the most common of all our
jumping creatures is the
toad, which is not a frog
at all. Yet it, too, resorts
to the pond to breed. Its
call is heard usually after
the peepers' call is fin-
ished. Toads have warty,
dry skin while frogs have
smooth, moist skin. The
toad is the one we usual-
ly see in our garden or
around our back porch.
He is a helpful fellow for
he lives exclusively on
insects of all sorts.
While we're on the sub-
ject of springtime ponds
and breeding places,
there's one more creature
that follows the same
routine as those men-
tioned by going to the
pond each spring and
depositing its eggs. This
creature is called the sala-
mander, a name everyone
has heard of but few have
seen or know much
about. Salamanders are
like miniature dragons without all the fire
and brimstone. They have moist, smooth
skin and are seldom seen, for they live
below ground among the decayed wood
and moist duff of the forest floor. Some of
the larger salamanders lay their eggs in
rotten logs and damp places, but most re-
vert to the pond where they mate and lay
their eggs.
Just last week a small group of us met
in Moores Woods in Greenport to see if
we could find any of these salamanders.
We were equipped with flashlights and
hip boots and waded among the many
vernal ponds and pools that salamanders
use as breeding grounds in these fabulous
woods. We could spend only a short time
there for we had other places to go; there-
fore we found but few. We did find large
baseball -size egg masses of the big black -
and- yellow spotted salamander. We then
visited other wet areas in Bayview in
Southold, where we were lucky enough to
find the eggs of the rarer tiger salamander.
We actually caught and released a beauti-
ful six- inch -long, black- and - yellow spot-
ted salamander and saw numerous egg
masses of the tiger salamander that we
had been hoping to see more of. Perhaps
we were too late, for it has often been said
that these larger salamanders come to the
ponds right after the ice has left.
Our night was spent slopping around in
ponds with water oftentimes sneaking
over the top of our boots. We were in the
most difficult -to- get -at spots you can
imagine. It did prove that we still have
salamanders in a few of the remaining
wet areas here on our island. What trou-
bles us most is that as development
moves in and clears the woods, it will
eliminate the habitat of many unknown
species such as the salamander and frog
that rely on the wetlands for their sur-
vival. Hopefully some of these spots can
be preserved, for even the lowly for their
survival. Hopefully some of these spots
can be preserved, for even the lowly sala-
mander and the peeping frog are part of
what makes our world what it is for us to
enjoy.
Photo by Paul Stoutenburgh
EGG MASSES —This is what all the noise is about down by our
pond and in wet spots. Peepers (small tree frogs) are best known
for their spring chorus. Salamanders also come to these water
areas to lay their egg masses, but they have no spring call to
75 Years Ago
April 7, 1922
Town Board Meeting: At a meeting of the Southold
Town Board at the office of Supervisor Tuthill in Greenport,
the Town Board, on behalf of the town, accepted the deed of
a triangular piece of land at East Marion to be used as the site
of the World War Memorial Boulder at East Marion.
Advertisement: Opening — Frank Davis Smith
invites you to his opening of Trimmed Hats on Friday and
Saturday, April 7 and 8. All are welcome. Positively no
goods shown on Thursday.
50 Years Ago
April 11, 1947
The End of Camp Upton: Camp Upton passed out
of existence officially recently with the formal acceptance of
the 6,000 -acre tract, which has served as a military canton-
ment in two great wars, by the Associated Universities Inc.
Henceforth the Yaphank reservation will be known as the
Brookhaven National Laboratory site. Its dedication to the
development of atomic energy for peacetime pursuits was
signalized by brief ceremonies in which Dr. Philip Morse,
director, and W.E. Kelley, area manager for the Atomic
Energy Commission, participated.
disaster and death could follow. Hope-
fully rains will replenish the wet spots
and the tadpoles will develop into tiny
frogs and hop away into the woodland
nearby.
The call of frogs was heard long before
there was a call from a bird, for in prehis-
toric times they were the early creatures
that left their ancient watery homes for
new, more secure, footing on land. Yet
even though they have become land crea-
tures, each year they return to the water of
the ponds to mate and lay their eggs for a
new generation. There are other frogs that
call, but our peepers are heralded as the
true forerunners of spring.
Another Frog and Toad
The other tree frog we have here on the
East End is larger and more spectacular in
the sense that it can change its color
Some 300 nontechnical workers, including firemen,
policemen and maintenance personnel, were transferred
from the commission's payroll to that of the laboratory.
Local News: On Thursday of this week the employees
of the Shelter Island Oyster Company, numbering about 40,
terminated a very successful season with a banquet at the
company's plant at the foot of Sterling Street.
25 Years Ago
April 13, 1972
Southold News: A few weeks ago young Carl
Wolfteich wrote a Letter to the Editor in favor of keeping
Gardiner's Island as it is. This was so well received by the
Gardiner family that Carl received a special invitation from
them to visit the island sometime in June so he can see it as
he has visualized it.
There was a rumor going around last week that the
Southold Savings Bank had been held up. What really hap-
pened is that one of the employees hit the holdup button by
mistake. Maybe it was a good mistake because if any would -
be robber happened to be watching the speedy response by
our Southold police, I'm sure he'd have second thoughts!
Classified Advertisement: Wanted to Buy —One
used Volkswagen bus, appearance unimportant, good run-
ning condition. Will pay cash.